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Piston Rings for IC Engines (Cast Iron)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A piston ring is an expandable split ring used to provide a seal between the piston an the cylinder wall. Piston rings are commonly made from cast iron. Cast iron retains the integrity of its original shape under heat, load, and other dynamic forces. The piston rings, which are also called as comparison rings are fit closely in the grooves provided in the piston. These rings are worn out before the wearing of the piston and cylinder wall. These rings form an effective seal and at the same time transmit heat from crown to the cylinder walls. Hence keep the temperature within the workable limit. There should be at least two piston rings in each piston of an internal combustion engine. For the higher capacity engines, there are four or even six piston rings have been used. The number of rings is depending upon the capacity and size of the I. C. Engine. In order to achieve the effective seal against lube oil and high-pressure gases leakage, a great pressure must be exerted, by each ring on the cylinder walls.

Piston assembly is a heart of the IC engine. The piston assembly is composed of five basic components which are piston, piston rings, gudgeon pin, connecting rod and bearings. The piston in general is casted out of aluminium alloys and has the responsibility of take all rigorous forces. The piston is connected to crank through connecting rod pivoting around the gudgeon pin. The piston rings are split rings assembled into the grooves on the outer diameter of the piston. The piston rings is a combination of three rings serving specific purpose in running engine. The top most groove ring is known as compression ring or pressure ring which provide sealing above the piston and prevents the gas leakage from the combustion side. The second or intermediate ring act as lubrication control ring and provides enough lubrication to the compression ring and prevent scuffing. The third ring is known as oil ring or oil control ring, these rings controls the amount of lubricating oil passing up or down the cylinder walls. Also, the piston rings act as a medium to transfer heat generated while combustion and provide overall support to the piston in the cylinder.

There are over 1.5 billion on road vehicles around the world which creates substantial aftermarket opportunities for the piston rings manufacturers. Also, over 110 million vehicle are produced annually among which over 70% are equipped with multi cylinder engines. The global automotive market is growth at a pace ranging between 3.5% - 4.5% annually. Growing automotive sales coupled with growth in population and affordability is anticipated to play a key role in the growth of global piston rings market. Also, piston rings are among the essential components which have the direct influence on the vehicle performance, engine power and efficiency, hence required frequent monitoring as they contribute to around 24% over all friction generated in the engine.

 
PROJECT AT A GLANCE
COST OF PROJECT MEANS OF FINANCE
Particulars Existing Proposed Total Particulars Existing Proposed Total
Land & Site Development Exp. ********** ********** ********** Capital ********** ********** **********
Buildings ********** ********** ********** Share Premium ********** ********** **********
Plant & Machineries ********** ********** ********** Other Type Share Capital ********** ********** **********
Motor Vehicles ********** ********** ********** Reserves & Surplus ********** ********** **********
Office Automation Equipments ********** ********** ********** Cash Subsidy ********** ********** **********
Technical Knowhow Fees & Exp. ********** ********** ********** Internal Cash Accruals ********** ********** **********
Franchise & Other Deposits ********** ********** ********** Long/Medium Term Borrowings ********** ********** **********
Preliminary& Pre-operative Exp ********** ********** ********** Debentures / Bonds ********** ********** **********
Provision for Contingencies ********** ********** ********** Unsecured Loans/Deposits ********** ********** **********
Margin Money - Working Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
TOTAL ********** ********** ********** TOTAL ********** ********** **********
COST OF PROJECT
Particulars Existing Proposed Total
C O S T O F P R O J E C T
Land & Site Development Exp.
Land Area Required ********** ********** **********
Land Development Cost, Boundary Wall, Gate & Road etc. ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********
Buildings ********** ********** **********
Factory Building - ********** ********** **********
Office Buildings ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********
Plant & Machineries ********** ********** **********
Indigenous Machineries ********** ********** **********
Erection & Installation ********** ********** **********
Laboratory Equipments ********** ********** **********
Miscellaneous Equipments like pumps, valves, pipeline & fittings ********** ********** **********
Imported Machineries ********** ********** **********
Technical know how ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********
Office Vehicles ********** ********** **********
Office Automation Equipments (Telephone/ Fax/ Computer) ********** ********** **********
Office Equipment, Furniture plus Other Equipment & Accessories ********** ********** **********
Other Misc. Assets ********** ********** **********
Pre-operative & Preliminary Expenses ********** ********** **********
Provision for Contingencies ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********
Total Capital Cost of Project ********** ********** **********
Margin Money for Working Capital ********** ********** **********
Total Cost of Project ********** ********** **********
PROFITABILITY AND NET CASH ACCRUALS
Particulars Operating Years
1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Revenue/Income/Realisation ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Gross Sales Realisation ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Less : Excise Duties/Levies ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Sales Realisation ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Revenue/Income/Realisation ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Raw Material Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Indigenous ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Nett Consumption ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Lab & ETP Chemical Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Packing Material Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Sub Total of Net Consumption ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Miscellaneous Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Employees Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Fuel Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Power/Electricity Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Depreciation ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Royalty & Other Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Repairs & Maintenance Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Mfg. Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cost of Output of Goods Sold ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Gross Profit ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Administration Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Technical Knowhow Fees & Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Financial Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Long/Medium Term Borrowing ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
On Wkg. Capital Borrowings ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Financial Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Selling Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Cost of Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Profit Before Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Tax on Profit ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Profit After Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Depreciation Added Back ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Technical Knowhow Fees & Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Cash Accruals ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
ASSSESSEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
Particulars Stk.Prd. Stk.Prd. Operating Years
1st Year 2nd Yr&+ 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
Capacity Months Months % ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
CURRENT ASSETS ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Stocks on Hand ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Raw Material Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Indigenous ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Lab & ETP Chemical ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Packing Material ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Consumable Store ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Work-in-Process ********** ********** D ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Finished Goods ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Current Expenses ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Receivables ********** ********** M ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cash/Bank Balances ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Gross Wkg. Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
PROFITABILITY RATIOS, DSCR, DEBT EQUITY
Particulars Operating Years
1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
Profit Percentages to Net Sales
Gross Profit ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
% Of G.P. to Net Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Profit Before Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
% of N.P.B.T. To Net Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Profit After Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
% of N.P.A.T. To Net Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
Funds Available to Service Debts
Net Profit After Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Depreciation Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Technical Knowhow Fees & Exp ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Interest on Long/Medium Term ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
T o t a l ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Debt Service Obligations
Repayment of Long/Medium Ter ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Interest on Long/Medium Term ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
T o t a l ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Individual) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Cumulative) ..... ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Overall) ........ ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Parameters
Initial Equity Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Credit Balance in P & L ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Capital excl Unsec Deposits ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Unsecured Dep. ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Equity incl Unsecured Deposits ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Long/Medium Term Borrowings from Bank ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Term lia. Incl Unsecured Deposit ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Liabilities ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Liabilities incl Unsecured Deposits ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
DEBT EQUITY RATIO considering
i.e.Total Term Lia./NW
Unsecured Dep. as Equity ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Unsecured Dep. as Debt ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Outside Lia./NW ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Assets Turnover Ratio (x) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
No. of Shares of 10.00 each ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Earnings Per Share (EPS) (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Proposed divident ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cash EPS (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Dividend Per Share(DPS) (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Payout Ratio (%Age) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Retained Earnings/Share (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Retained Earnings (%Age) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Book Value Per Share (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Debt Per Share (in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Probable Mkt.Price/Share(in `) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Price / Book Value (x) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Price Earnings Ratio (x) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Yield (%Age) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS
Particulars Operating Years
Ratio 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS
Total Value of Output ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Variable Cost & Expenses
Raw Material Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Lab & ETP Chemical Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Packing Material Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Sales Commission/Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Sub-total ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Less:W.I.P. Adjustments ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Variable Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Contribution ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Profit Volume Ratio (%) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Semi-Var./Semi-Fixed Exp.
Miscellaneous Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Employees Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Power/Electricity Expen ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Fuel Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Royalty & Other Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Repairs & Maintenance E ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Mfg. Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Administration Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Selling Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Interest on Wkg.Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Tot.Semi-Var./Fixed Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
**********
Fixed Expenses / Cost **********
Miscellaneous Cost ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Employees Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Power/Electricity Expen ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Fuel Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Royalty & Other Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Repairs & Maintenance E ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Mfg. Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Administration Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Selling Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Intrest-Fixed Borrowing ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Intrest-Working Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Depreciation Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Deferred Expenses W/Off ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Fixed Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Tot.Fixed/Semi-Fixed Exp ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Tot.Cash Fixed/SemiFixed ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cash Break Even Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cash Margin of Safety ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Break Even Sales ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Margin of safety ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
At Maximum Utilisation : Year ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
(as % of Installed Capacity)
Cash B.E.P. : % xx% xx% xx% xx% xx%
B.E.P. : % xx% xx% xx% xx% xx%
M E A N S O F F I N A N C E

Equity Share Capital

 ********** ********** **********

Others - Preference Share Capital

 ********** ********** **********
Total Equity Share Capital ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********

Long/Medium Term Borrowings

 ********** ********** **********
FROM BANK ********** ********** **********
From Other Financial Institutions ********** ********** **********
Total Long/Medium Term Borrowings ********** ********** **********
********** ********** **********

Total Means of Finance

********** ********** **********
INTEREST AND REPAYMENT ON TERM LOANS
A Name of Institution-Bank ABC BANK
B Term Borrowing Amount ********** xx
C Repayment Term (Years) ********** Years
D Repayment Instalments ********** Instalments
E Repayment Commencement Year - 0; 3rd Qtr.
F Rate of Interest(General) xxxx% p.a.
F Rate of Interest(Initial) 0.00% p.a.
G Apply Gen. Int. Rate from Year x Quarter :: x
H Interest Calculation Quarterly
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
Funds Available to Service Debts
Net Profit After Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Depreciation Charges ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Technical Knowhow Fees & Expenses ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Interest on Long/Medium Term ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
T o t a l ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Debt Service Obligations ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Repayment of Long/Medium Term ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Interest on Long/Medium Term ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
T o t a l ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Individual) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Cumulative) ..... ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
D. S. C. R. (Overall) ........ ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
DEPRECIATION CHARGES AS PER BOOKS (TOTAL)
Operating Year F.Assets Type A-1 F.Assets Type A-2 F.Assets Type B F.Assets Type C F.Assets Type D-1 F.Assets Type D-2 Total
Particulars Factory Building - Office Buildings PLANT & MACHINERY Office Vehicles Office Automation Equipments (Telephone/ Fax/ Computer) Furniture & Fixtures
1-2 ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
2-3 ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
3-4 ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
4-5 ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
5-6 ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Particulars Method Deprn.Rate Part Consideration (for Asset put to use less than xx months)
Type A :: Buildings
Factory Building - WDV ********** **********
Office Buildings WDV ********** **********
Type C
Office Vehicles WDV ********** **********
Type D :: Misc. Fixed Assets
Office Automation Equipments (Telephone/ Fax/ Computer) WDV ********** **********
Furniture & Fixtures WDV ********** **********
Projected Pay Back Period
Particulars Operating Years
1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
Year 1 2 3 4 5
Initial Investment *********
Total Initial Investment *********
Yearly Cash Flow ********* ********* ********* ********* *********
Accumulated Cash Flow ********* ********* ********* ********* *********
Pay Back Period xx Years xx Months xx Years xx months
Projected IRR
Year CFAT PV factor @**% *********
Initial Investment ********* ********* *********
1-2 ********* ********* *********
2-3 ********* ********* *********
3-4 ********* ********* *********
4-5 ********* ********* *********
5-6 ********* ********* *********
Total PV ********* *********
IRR ********* *********
PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
Particulars Operating Years
1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6
Equity Share Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Surplus of Previous Year ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Add : Net Profit After Taxes ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Surplus at the End of Year ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Unsecured Deposits ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Long/Medium Term Borrowings Proposed-FROM BANK ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Bank Borrowing for Wkg. Capital ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Current Liabilities ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Sundry Creditors ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Current Liabilities ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Current Liabilities ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total of Liabilities ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
A S S E T S ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Fixed Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Gross Block ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Less : Depreciation to Date ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Net Block ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Current Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Stocks on Hand ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Receivables ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Current Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Cash and Bank Balances ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total Current Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
P & P Exp. and/or Other Dvp.Exp. ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
(To The Extent Not W/Off) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Other Non Current Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
Total of Assets ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
********** ********** ********** ********** **********
ROI (Average of Fixed Assets) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
RONW (Average of Share Capital) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
ROI (Average of Total Assets) ********** ********** ********** ********** **********
COMPANY SUMMARY

NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES (NPCS)is a reliable name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy services. NPCS is manned by engineers, planners, specialists, financial experts, economic analysts and design specialists with extensive experience in the related industries.

Our various services are: Detailed Project Report, Business Plan for Manufacturing Plant, Start-up Ideas, Business Ideas for Entrepreneurs, Start up Business Opportunities, entrepreneurship projects, Successful Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, project report, Cost and Revenue, Pre-feasibility study for Profitable Manufacturing Business, Project Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable Industrial Project Opportunities, Business Opportunities, Investment Opportunities for Most Profitable Business in India, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Preparation of Project Profile, Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Study, Market Research Study, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Report, Identification and Selection of Plant, Process, Equipment, General Guidance, Startup Help, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial project and Most Profitable Small Scale Business.

NPCS also publishes varies process technology, technical, reference, self employment and startup books, directory, business and industry database, bankable detailed project report, market research report on various industries, small scale industry and profit making business. Besides being used by manufacturers, industrialists and entrepreneurs, our publications are also used by professionals including project engineers, information services bureau, consultants and project consultancy firms as one of the input in their research.

REASONS FOR BUYING THE REPORT
  1. This report helps you to identify a profitable project for investing or diversifying into by throwing light to crucial areas like industry size, demand of the product and reasons for investing in the product.
  2. This report provides vital information on the product like its definition, characteristics and segmentation.
  3. This report helps you market and place the product correctly by identifying the target customer group of the product.
  4. This report helps you understand the viability of the project by disclosing details like raw materials required, manufacturing process, project costs and snapshot of other project financials.
  5. The report provides forecasts of key parameters which helps to anticipate the industry performance and make sound business decision.
OUR APPROACH
  1. Our research reports broadly cover Indian markets, present analysis, outlook and forecast.
  2. The market forecasts are developed on the basis of secondary research and are cross-validated through interactions with the industry players.
  3. We use reliable sources of information and databases. And information from such sources is processed by us and included in the report.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Project Introduction
Project Objective and Strategy
Concise History of the Product
Properties
BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) Provision & Specification
Uses & Applications

Market Study and Assessment
Current Indian Market Scenario
Present Market Demand and Supply
Estimated Future Market Demand and Forecast
Statistics of Import & Export
Names & Addresses of Existing Units (Present Players)
Market Opportunity

Raw Material
List of Raw Materials
Properties of Raw Materials
Prescribed Quality of Raw Materials
List of Suppliers and Manufacturers

Personnel (Manpower) Requirements
Requirement of Staff & Labor (Skilled and Unskilled) Managerial, Technical, Office Staff and Marketing Personnel

Plant and Machinery
List of Plant & Machinery
Miscellaneous Items
Appliances & Equipments
Laboratory Equipments & Accessories
Electrification
Electric Load & Water
Maintenance Cost
Sources of Plant & Machinery (Suppliers and Manufacturers)

Manufacturing Process and Formulations
Detailed Process of Manufacture with Formulation
Packaging Required
Process Flow Sheet Diagram

Infrastructure and Utilities
Project Location
Requirement of Land Area
Rates of the Land
Built Up Area
Construction Schedule
Plant Layout and Requirement of Utilities

FINANCIAL PLAN
Assumptions for Profitability workings
Plant Economics
Production Schedule
Land & Building
  • Factory Land & Building
  • Site Development Expenses
Plant & Machinery
  • Indigenous Machineries
  • Other Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.)
Other Fixed Assets
  • Furniture & Fixtures
  • Pre-operative and Preliminary Expenses
  • Technical Knowhow
  • Provision of Contingencies
Working Capital Requirement Per Month
  • Raw Material
  • Packing Material
  • Lab & ETP Chemical Cost
  • Consumable Store
Overheads Required Per Month And Per Annum
  • Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)
  • Royalty and Other Charges
  • Selling and Distribution Expenses
Salary and Wages
Turnover Per Annum
Share Capital
  • Equity Capital
  • Preference Share Capital
Annexure 1:: Cost of Project and Means of Finance
Annexure 2:: Profitability and Net Cash Accruals
  • Revenue/Income/Realisation
  • Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items
  • Gross Profit
  • Financial Charges
  • Total Cost of Sales
  • Net Profit After Taxes
  • Net Cash Accruals
Annexure 3 :: Assessment of Working Capital requirements
  • Current Assets
  • Gross Working. Capital
  • Current Liabilities
  • Net Working Capital
  • Working Note for Calculation of Work-in-process
Annexure 4 :: Sources and Disposition of Funds
Annexure 5 :: Projected Balance Sheets
  • ROI (Average of Fixed Assets)
  • RONW (Average of Share Capital)
  • ROI (Average of Total Assets)
Annexure 6 :: Profitability ratios
  • D.S.C.R
  • Earnings Per Share (EPS)
  • Debt Equity Ratio
Annexure 7 :: Break-Even Analysis
  • Variable Cost & Expenses
  • Semi-Var./Semi-Fixed Exp.
  • Profit Volume Ratio (PVR)
  • Fixed Expenses / Cost
  • B.E.P
Annexure 8 to 11:: Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume
  • Resultant N.P.B.T
  • Resultant D.S.C.R
  • Resultant PV Ratio
  • Resultant DER
  • Resultant ROI
  • Resultant BEP
Annexure 12 :: Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status
  • Equity Capital
  • Preference Share Capital
Annexure 13 :: Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks
  • Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services
  • Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items
  • Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items
  • Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/ Items
Annexure 14 :: Product wise domestic Sales Realisation
Annexure 15 :: Total Raw Material Cost
Annexure 16 :: Raw Material Cost per unit
Annexure 17 :: Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost
Annexure 18 :: Consumables, Store etc.,
Annexure 19 :: Packing Material Cost
Annexure 20 :: Packing Material Cost Per Unit
Annexure 21 :: Employees Expenses
Annexure 22 :: Fuel Expenses
Annexure 23 :: Power/Electricity Expenses
Annexure 24 :: Royalty & Other Charges
Annexure 25 :: Repairs & Maintenance Exp.
Annexure 26 :: Other Mfg. Expenses
Annexure 27 :: Administration Expenses
Annexure 28 :: Selling Expenses
Annexure 29 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total)
Annexure 30 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P & M)
Annexure 31 :: Depreciation Charges - As per IT Act WDV (Total)
Annexure 32 :: Depreciation Charges - As per IT Act WDV (P & M)
Annexure 33 :: Interest and Repayment - Term Loans
Annexure 34 :: Tax on Profits
Annexure 35 ::Projected Pay-Back Period And IRR
INFORMATION/ DISCLAIMER
  • One Lac / Lakh / Lakhs is equivalent to one hundred thousand (100,000)
  • One Crore is equivalent to ten million (10,000,000)
  • T.C.I is Total Capital Investment
  • We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement.
  • We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.
  • Caution: The project's cost, capacity and return are subject to change without any notice. Future projects may have different values of project cost, capacity or return.
Piston Rings for IC Engines (Cast Iron)
Piston Rings for IC Engines (Cast Iron)
Capacity 0 Plant and Machinery cost 0.00 Lakhs
Working Capital 0.00 Rate of Return (ROR) 0.00 %
Break Even Point (BEP) 0.00 % TCI 0.00 Lakhs
Cost of Project 0.00Lakhs
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ABOUT NPCS

NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES (NPCS) is a reliable name in the industrial world for offering integrated technical consultancy services. NPCS is manned by engineers, planners, specialists, financial experts, economic analysts and design specialists with extensive experience in the related industries.

Our various services are: Detailed Project Report, Business Plan for Manufacturing Plant, Start-up Ideas, Business Ideas for Entrepreneurs, Start up Business Opportunities, entrepreneurship projects, Successful Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, project report, Cost and Revenue, Pre-feasibility study for Profitable Manufacturing Business, Project Identification, Project Feasibility and Market Study, Identification of Profitable Industrial Project Opportunities, Business Opportunities, Investment Opportunities for Most Profitable Business in India, Manufacturing Business Ideas, Preparation of Project Profile, Pre-Investment and Pre-Feasibility Study, Market Research Study, Preparation of Techno-Economic Feasibility Report, Identification and Section of Plant, Process, Equipment, General Guidance, Startup Help, Technical and Commercial Counseling for setting up new industrial project and Most Profitable Small Scale Business.

NPCS also publishes varies process technology, technical, reference, self employment and startup books, directory, business and industry database, bankable detailed project report, market research report on various industries, small scale industry and profit making business. Besides being used by manufacturers, industrialists and entrepreneurs, our publications are also used by professionals including project engineers, information services bureau, consultants and project consultancy firms as one of the input in their research.

Our Detailed Project report aims at providing all the critical data required by any entrepreneur vying to venture into Project. While expanding a current business or while venturing into new business, entrepreneurs are often faced with the dilemma of zeroing in on a suitable product/line.

And before diversifying/venturing into any product, wish to study the following aspects of the identified product:
  • Good Present/Future Demand
  • Export-Import Market Potential
  • Raw Material & Manpower Availability
  • Project Costs and Payback Period

We at NPCS, through our reliable expertise in the project consultancy and market research field, Provides exhaustive information about the project, which satisfies all the above mentioned requirements and has high growth potential in the markets. And through our report we aim to help you make sound and informed business decision.

Reasons for buying the report:
  • This report helps you to identify a profitable project for investing or diversifying into by throwing light to crucial areas like industry size, demand of the product and reasons for investing in the product.
  • This report provides vital information on the product like its definition, characteristics and segmentation.
  • This report helps you market and place the product correctly by identifying the target customer group of the product.
  • This report helps you understand the viability of the project by disclosing details like raw materials required, manufacturing process, project costs and snapshot of other project financials.
  • The report provides forecasts of key parameters which helps to anticipate the industry performance and make sound business decision.
The report contains all the data which will help an entrepreneur find answers to questions like:
  • Why I should invest in this project?
  • What will drive the growth of the product?
  • What are the costs involved?
  • What will be the market potential?

The report first focuses on enhancing the basic knowledge of the entrepreneur about the main product, by elucidating details like product definition, its uses and applications, industry segmentation as well as an overall overview of the industry sector in India. The report then helps an entrepreneur identify the target customer group of its product. It further helps in making sound investment decision by listing and then elaborating on factors that will contribute to the growth of product consumption in India and also talks about the foreign trade of the product along with the list of top importing and top exporting countries. Report includes graphical representation and forecasts of key data discussed in the above mentioned segment. It further explicates the growth potential of the product. The report includes other market data like key players in the Industry segment along with their contact information and recent developments. It includes crucial information like raw material requirements, list of machinery and manufacturing process for the plant. Core project financials like plant capacity, costs involved in setting up of project, working capital requirements, projected revenue and profit are further listed in the report.

Our Approach:

  • Our research reports broadly cover Indian markets, present analysis, outlook and forecast.
  • The market forecasts are developed on the basis of secondary research and are cross-validated through interactions with the industry players.
  • We use reliable sources of information and databases. And information from such sources is processed by us and included in the report.

Our Market Survey cum Detailed Techno Economic Feasibility Report Contains following information:

Introduction
  • Project Introduction
  • Project Objective and Strategy
  • Concise History of the Product
  • Properties
  • BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) Provision & Specification
  • Uses & Applications
Market Study and Assessment
  • Current Indian Market Scenario
  • Present Market Demand and Supply
  • Estimated Future Market Demand and Forecast
  • Statistics of Import & Export
  • Names & Addresses of Existing Units (Present Players)
  • Market Opportunity
Raw Material
  • List of Raw Materials
  • Properties of Raw Materials
  • Prescribed Quality of Raw Materials
  • List of Suppliers and Manufacturers
Personnel (Manpower) Requirements
  • Requirement of Staff & Labor (Skilled and Unskilled) Managerial, Technical, Office Staff and Marketing Personnel
Plant and Machinery
  • List of Plant & Machinery
  • Miscellaneous Items
  • Appliances & Equipments
  • Laboratory Equipments & Accessories
  • Electrification
  • Electric Load & Water
  • Maintenance Cost
  • Sources of Plant & Machinery (Suppliers and Manufacturers)
Manufacturing Process and Formulations
  • Detailed Process of Manufacture with Formulation
  • Packaging Required
  • Process Flow Sheet Diagram
Infrastructure and Utilities
  • Project Location
  • Requirement of Land Area
  • Rates of the Land
  • Built Up Area
  • Construction Schedule
  • Plant Layout and Requirement of Utilities

Project at a Glance

Assumptions for Profitability workings
Plant Economics
Production Schedule
Land & Building
  • Factory Land & Building
  • Site Development Expenses
Plant & Machinery
  • Indigenous Machineries
  • Other Machineries (Miscellaneous, Laboratory etc.)
Other Fixed Assets
  • Furniture & Fixtures
  • Pre-operative and Preliminary Expenses
  • Technical Knowhow
  • Provision of Contingencies
Working Capital Requirement Per Month
  • Raw Material
  • Packing Material
  • Lab & ETP Chemical Cost
  • Consumable Store
Overheads Required Per Month And Per Annum
  • Utilities & Overheads (Power, Water and Fuel Expenses etc.)
  • Royalty and Other Charges
  • Selling and Distribution Expenses
Salary and Wages
Turnover Per Annum
Share Capital
  • Equity Capital
  • Preference Share Capital
Annexure 1:: Cost of Project and Means of Finance
Annexure 2:: Profitability and Net Cash Accruals
  • Revenue/Income/Realisation
  • Expenses/Cost of Products/Services/Items
  • Gross Profit
  • Financial Charges
  • Total Cost of Sales
  • Net Profit After Taxes
  • Net Cash Accruals
Annexure 3 :: Assessment of Working Capital requirements
  • Current Assets
  • Gross Working. Capital
  • Current Liabilities
  • Net Working Capital
  • Working Note for Calculation of Work-in-process
Annexure 4 :: Sources and Disposition of Funds
Annexure 5 :: Projected Balance Sheets
  • ROI (Average of Fixed Assets)
  • RONW (Average of Share Capital)
  • ROI (Average of Total Assets)
Annexure 6 :: Profitability ratios
  • D.S.C.R
  • Earnings Per Share (EPS)
  • Debt Equity Ratio
Annexure 7 :: Break-Even Analysis
  • Variable Cost & Expenses
  • Semi-Var./Semi-Fixed Exp.
  • Profit Volume Ratio (PVR)
  • Fixed Expenses / Cost
  • B.E.P
Annexure 8 to 11:: Sensitivity Analysis-Price/Volume
  • Resultant N.P.B.T
  • Resultant D.S.C.R
  • Resultant PV Ratio
  • Resultant DER
  • Resultant ROI
  • Resultant BEP
Annexure 12 :: Shareholding Pattern and Stake Status
  • Equity Capital
  • Preference Share Capital
Annexure 13 :: Quantitative Details-Output/Sales/Stocks
  • Determined Capacity P.A of Products/Services
  • Achievable Efficiency/Yield % of Products/Services/Items
  • Net Usable Load/Capacity of Products/Services/Items
  • Expected Sales/ Revenue/ Income of Products/ Services/ Items
Annexure 14 :: Product wise domestic Sales Realisation
Annexure 15 :: Total Raw Material Cost
Annexure 16 :: Raw Material Cost per unit
Annexure 17 :: Total Lab & ETP Chemical Cost
Annexure 18 :: Consumables, Store etc.,
Annexure 19 :: Packing Material Cost
Annexure 20 :: Packing Material Cost Per Unit
Annexure 21 :: Employees Expenses
Annexure 22 :: Fuel Expenses
Annexure 23 :: Power/Electricity Expenses
Annexure 24 :: Royalty & Other Charges
Annexure 25 :: Repairs & Maintenance Exp.
Annexure 26 :: Other Mfg. Expenses
Annexure 27 :: Administration Expenses
Annexure 28 :: Selling Expenses
Annexure 29 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (Total)
Annexure 30 :: Depreciation Charges – as per Books (P & M)
Annexure 31 :: Depreciation Charges - As per IT Act WDV (Total)
Annexure 32 :: Depreciation Charges - As per IT Act WDV (P & M)
Annexure 33 :: Interest and Repayment - Term Loans
Annexure 34 :: Tax on Profits
Annexure 35 ::Projected Pay-Back Period And IRR